Words Edel Cassidy
Set against a backdrop of stunning Alpine vistas, Salzburg is a city that enchants with its blend of cultural depth and natural beauty. While my visit mainly focused on delving into the life and legacy of the city’s most famous son, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, I was undeniably captivated by its extraordinary architectural and cultural treasures.
There are two museums in Salzburg dedicated to Mozart, offering insights into the composer’s life and family. Mozart’s Birthplace (Mozarts Geburtshaus) in Getreidegasse showcases his early years and family environment. Nearby, the Mozart Residence (Mozart Wohnhaus), where the family moved when he was seventeen years old, highlights his later life and the family’s daily routines. Both museums reveal intimate details about the virtuoso’s upbringing, his father Leopold’s influence and his close relationships with his mother and sister, Nannerl, providing a deeper understanding of the man behind the music. The story of the family is told through original sheet music, personal correspondence and beautiful portraits.
Leopold Mozart (1719–1787), Wolfgang’s father, was a respected composer, violinist and music teacher. Known for his meticulous nature, he was deeply dedicated to his children’s musical education, especially nurturing young Wolfgang’s extraordinary talent. Leopold’s career included serving as vice-Kapellmeister (deputy music director) at the court of the Prince-Archbishop of Salzburg. He also authored an influential violin instruction manual.
Anna Maria Mozart (1720–1778), Wolfgang’s mother, was a supportive and nurturing presence in her family. She also had a great sense of humour and it is believed that Mozart resembled her. While less prominent than Leopold, she played a vital role in providing stability and care during the children’s demanding upbringing and travels.
Maria Anna ‘Nannerl’ Mozart (1751–1829), Mozart’s elder sister, was a gifted pianist and composer in her own right. She was celebrated as a child prodigy alongside her brother but at that time societal norms limited opportunities for women. She had a close relationship with Wolfgang, influencing his early musical development.
After her brother’s death, Nannerl was highly sought after by biographers and publishers. She shared authentic stories about his childhood and youth, offering invaluable insights. Additionally, she provided family letters and some of his compositions, preserving a crucial part of Mozart’s legacy.
Constanze Mozart (1762–1842), Mozart’s wife, was a singer and member of the Weber family, known for their musical talents. Despite financial hardships and criticism of their marriage, Constanze was very supportive of her husband’s career.
She was just 29 years old when Mozart died, leaving her with two children and considerable debts. Demonstrating remarkable business acumen, she worked tirelessly to preserve his legacy by organising concerts and publishing his works.
In 1809, she married Georg Nikolaus von Nissen, who later compiled a comprehensive biography of Mozart. Completed with Constanze’s assistance, it was published in 1828 – two years after von Nissen’s death. Nannerl also supported von Nissen’s efforts to document Mozart’s life, ensuring the composer’s enduring legacy.
Carl Thomas Mozart (1784–1858) and Franz Xaver Wolfgang Mozart (1791–1844), Mozart’s two surviving sons, both inherited musical talent but led contrasting lives.
Carl Thomas pursued a career in law rather than music, living most of his life in Milan. He remained unmarried and childless.
Franz Xaver became a composer and pianist. Constanze planned his musical career and called him Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Jr. He took lessons in Vienna from eminent teachers such as Antonio Salieri, who said he had a ‘rare talent for music’. Despite his gifts, he struggled to emerge from his father’s shadow and never achieved widespread fame. Both sons contributed to safeguarding Mozart’s heritage.
- ‘Salzburg: The City of Mozart’ is published in Anthology Volume 22. Read more features from this volume or buy it now.
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